Count Joseph Jellachich de Buzim,  (ye'lächich, bOO'zim) 1801–59, Austrian general, a Croatian nobleman.  He was governor of Croatia when the revolution of 1848 broke out in Hungary, and he commanded an army against the revolutionists.  His purpose was to separate Croatia from Hungary, and he was backed by the Austrian government.  After the fall (1849) of the Hungarian revolutionary government of Louis Kossuth, Jellachich was again governor of Croatia, which remained a part of Hungary.

The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed.  2004, Columbia University Press.

Revolutions of 1848, in European history.  The February Revolution in France gave impetus to a series of revolutionary explosions in Western and Central Europe.  However the new French Republic did not support these movements.  The stage was set when the unrest caused by the economic effects of severe crop failures in 1846–47 merged with the discontent caused by political repression of liberal and nationalist aspirations.  In the German states, popular demonstrations and uprisings (Feb.–Mar., 1848) led to the dismissal of unpopular ministers and the calling of a national parliament  to draft a constitution for a united Germany.  While the constitution was debated at length, rulers of the German states were able to recover their authority.  By 1849, the Frankfurt Parliament and the provisional government it established had collapsed and the old order was restored.  

The revolution within the Austrian empire was one of initial success and subsequent defeat. In contrast to the situation in Germany, however, revolutionists in the Hapsburg domains demanded less central authority and a more autonomous role for the national groups.  Lack of cooperation among the revolutionary movements and the loyalty of the armies to old authorities permitted the suppression of the insurgents by armed might.  In Italy the demand for expulsion of the Austrians and for national unification found a champion in King Charles Albert of Sardinia, but again the revolutions were put down by Austrian armies.  The revolutions of 1848 failed notably because three kinds of demands—social and economic, liberal, and national—were not easily reconciled.  This is illustrated in France by the Socialists Blanc and Albert on the one side, and the Liberal Republicans Marie and Arago on the other.  Middle-class moderates like Lamartine gained control of the revolutionary movements and resisted the more radical demands of the lower classes, thus losing much of the popular support that was essential to their success.  The results of the uprisings were the spread of parliamentary governments, the extension of manhood suffrage in France (and briefly in Austria), the abolition of manorialism in Central Europe, the beginnings of the German and Italian unification movements, and the establishment of Hungary as an equal partner with Austria under Hapsburg rule

The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed.  2004, Columbia University Press.

Louis Kossuth (kosOOth'), 1802–94, Hungarian revolutionary hero.  Born of a Protestant family and a lawyer by training, he entered politics as a member of the diet and soon won a large following. His liberal and nationalist program did not avoid the possibility of dissolving the union of the Hungarian and Austrian crowns.  He was arrested in 1837, but popular pressure forced the Metternich regime to release him in 1840.  Kossuth, a fiery orator, was one of the principal figures of the Hungarian revolution of March 1848.  When, in April, Hungary was granted a separate government, Kossuth became finance minister.  He continued and intensified his anti-Austrian agitation.  His principles were liberal, but his nationalism was opposed to the fulfillment of the national aspirations of the Slavic, Romanian, and German minorities in Hungary and was particularly resented in Croatia.  When the Austrian government, supported by the ban [governor] of Croatia, Count Jellachich de Buzim, prepared to move against Hungary, Kossuth became head of the Hungarian government of national defense.  His government withdrew to Debrecen before the advance of the Austrians under Alfred Windischgrätz.  

In April 1849, the Hungarian parliament declared Hungary an independent republic and Kossuth became president.  The Hungarians won several victories, but in 1849, Russian troops intervened in favor of Austria, and Kossuth was obliged to resign the government to General Görgey.  The Hungarian surrender at Vilagos marked the end of the republic.  Kossuth fled to Turkey.  He visited England and the United States and received ovations as a champion of liberty.  Kossuth lived in exile in England and (after 1865) in Italy.  He was dissatisfied with the Ausgleich [compromise] of 1867, by which the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was created, and he refused an offer of amnesty in 1890.  After his death at Turin, Italy, his body was returned to Budapest and buried in state

The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed.  2004, Columbia University Press.